Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, Ahead of Print. Building on the nonprofit density literature, we examine county-level factors that are linked to the growth of ethnic, cultural, and folk (ECF) nonprofits, a vital but often overlooked subfield of nonprofits. We draw county-level nonprofit, demographic, socioeconomic, and government data from 1995 to 2015 to examine how community factors, particularly immigrant and racial/ethnic composition, are associated with the number of ECFs. We pay particular attention to the influence of Asian and Hispanic populations, the two largest U.S. immigrant groups, and run national-origin subanalyses. Results suggest that ECFs have increased in counties experiencing new immigrant population growth. However, our study suggests that the growth in ECFs has not been evenly distributed across racial/ethnic groups, and there are important national-origin disparities among Asians and Hispanics. We conclude with a discussion of the importance of attending to how ECFs can support the needs of different racial/ethnic groups to better integrate U.S. communities.

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